Falconiformes - Birds of Prey

Hawks, eagles, and falcons of the order Falconiformes are widespread and diverse. All birds are characterized by strongly hooked, sharp beaks, and most have sharp, curved talons. Within bird-of-prey species, the sexes frequently differ noticeably differ in size, and it is generally the female that is larger and heavier.

Different groups within this order show a variety of hunting techniques. Some -- such as vultures, and some caracaras and kites -- are primarily scavengers. Strong flyers, birds of prey generally pursue and often capture prey on the wing. Many species cover great distances while soaring in search of prey. Some species are adapted for capturing fish at or near the surface of the water. Other species specialize in capturing rodents, birds, reptiles, and insects. Unusual among birds of prey is the long-legged secretary-bird of the African plains, which feeds largely on reptiles.

The two major groups of carrion feeders, the Old World vultures and the New World vultures and condors, are superficially similar. They are large to massive birds with unfeathered heads and excellent powers of soaring flight. Old World vultures are in the same family as hawks and eagles, but New World vultures may actually be more closely related to storks than to birds of prey. Similarly, many ornithologists believe that the relationship between the family Accipitridae (hawks, eagles, harriers, Old World vultures, and kites) and the family Falconidae (falcons and caracaras) is rather distant.